7
14.01
N
Nitrogen
Identification
CAS Number: 7727-37-9
Discovery Year: 1772
Discoverer: Daniel Rutherford
Discovery Location: Scotland
Properties
Atomic Dimensions
Atomic Radius: 65 pm →
Atomic Radius (Rahm): 179 pm
Covalent Radius: 71 pm →Van der Waals Radius: 155 pm
Atomic Volume: 17.3 cm³/mol
Lattice Constant: 4.039 Å
Thermodynamics
Melting Point: 63.29 K →Boiling Point: 77.4 K →Thermal Conductivity: 0.026 W/(m·K) →
Heat of Formation: 472.44 kJ/mol
Electronic Structure
Electron Config: [He] 2s2 2p3
Block: p
Period: 2 →Group: 15 →Electronegativity: 3.04 →Electron Affinity: -1.4 eV →Oxidation States: -3, -2, -1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Abundance & Geochemistry
Crust Abundance: 19 mg/kg
Sea Abundance: 0.5 mg/L
Geochemical Class: volatile
Goldschmidt Class: atmophile
About
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. It is essential for life and is used in fertilizers, explosives, and as an inert gas for food preservation.
Isotopes
N-14 14 99.58%
N-15 15 0.4220%
