Bi

Bismuth

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-69-9

Discoverer: Known to the ancients.

Properties

Atomic Mass: 208.9804 →Density: 9.79 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 0.0085 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: RHL

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 160 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 250 pm

Covalent Radius: 148 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 206.99999999999997 pm

Metallic Radius: 151 pm

Atomic Volume: 21.3 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 4.75 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 544.5 K →Boiling Point: 1883 K →Specific Heat: 0.124 J/(g·K) →Thermal Conductivity: 7.9 W/(m·K) →Heat of Fusion: 11 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 172 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 209.6 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3

Block: p

Period: 6 →Group: 15 →Electronegativity: 1.9 →Electron Affinity: 0.942362 eV →

Oxidation States: +3, +5

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 0.0085 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 0.00002 mg/L

Goldschmidt Class: chalcophile

About

White crystalline metal with a pink tinge, belongs to group 15. Most diamagnetic of all metals and has the lowest thermal conductivity of all the elements except mercury. Lead-free bismuth compounds are used in cosmetics and medical procedures. Burns in the air and produces a blue flame. In 1753, C.G. Junine first demonstrated that it was different from lead.

Isotopes

Bi-209 209 100.00%