Sb

Antimony

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-36-0

Discoverer: Known to the ancients.

Properties

Atomic Mass: 121.76 →Density: 6.68 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 0.2 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: RHL

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 145 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 246 pm

Covalent Radius: 139 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 206 pm

Metallic Radius: 139 pm

Atomic Volume: 18.4 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 4.51 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 903.9 K →Boiling Point: 1908 K →Specific Heat: 0.205 J/(g·K) →Thermal Conductivity: 24.43 W/(m·K) →Heat of Fusion: 20.08 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 195.2 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 264.4 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3

Block: p

Period: 5 →Group: 15 →Electronegativity: 2.05 →Electron Affinity: 1.046 eV →

Oxidation States: -3, +3, +5

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 0.2 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 0.00023999999999999998 mg/L

Geochemical Class: semi-volatile

Goldschmidt Class: chalcophile

About

Element of group 15. Multiple allotropic forms. The stable form of antimony is a blue-white metal. Yellow and black antimony are unstable non-metals. Used in flame-proofing, paints, ceramics, enamels, and rubber. Attacked by oxidizing acids and halogens. First reported by Tholden in 1450.

Isotopes

Sb-121 121 57.21%

Sb-123 123 42.79%