Y

Yttrium

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-65-5

Discovery Year: 1789

Discoverer: Johann Gadolin

Discovery Location: Finland

Properties

Atomic Mass: 88.90584 →Density: 4.47 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 33 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: HEX

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 180 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 274 pm

Covalent Radius: 190 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 231.99999999999997 pm

Metallic Radius: 162 pm

Atomic Volume: 19.8 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 3.65 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 1795 K →Boiling Point: 3611 K →Specific Heat: 0.284 J/(g·K) →Heat of Fusion: 11.5 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 367 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 424.7 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Kr] 4d 5s2

Block: d

Period: 5 →Group: 3 →Electronegativity: 1.22 →Electron Affinity: 0.307 eV →

Oxidation States: +3

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 33 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 0.000013000000000000001 mg/L

Geochemical Class: rare earth & related

Goldschmidt Class: litophile

About

Silvery-grey metallic element of group 3 on the periodic table. Found in uranium ores. The only natural isotope is Y-89, there are 14 other artificial isotopes. Chemically resembles the lanthanoids. Stable in the air below 400 degrees, celsius. Discovered in 1828 by Friedrich Wohler.

Isotopes

Y-89 89 100.00%