S

Sulfur

Identification

CAS Number: 7704-34-9

Discoverer: Known to the ancients.

Properties

Atomic Mass: 32.06 →Density: 2.07 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 350 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: ORC

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 100 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 214 pm

Covalent Radius: 105 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 180 pm

Metallic Radius: 104 pm

Atomic Volume: 15.5 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 10.47 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 386 K →Boiling Point: 717.824 K →Specific Heat: 0.732 J/(g·K) →Thermal Conductivity: 0.27 W/(m·K) →Heat of Fusion: 1.23 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 10.5 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 277.17 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Ne] 3s2 3p4

Block: p

Period: 3 →Group: 16 →Electronegativity: 2.58 →Electron Affinity: 2.07710403 eV →

Oxidation States: -2, +2, +4, +6

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 350 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 905 mg/L

Geochemical Class: semi-volatile

Goldschmidt Class: chalcophile

About

Sulfur is a bright yellow non-metal that has been known since ancient times. It is used in sulfuric acid production, fertilizers, and vulcanization of rubber.

Isotopes

S-32 32 94.41%

S-34 34 4.77%

S-33 33 0.7970%

S-36 36 0.0187%