Periodic System for Chemists
Table
29
63.55

Cu

Copper

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-50-8
Discoverer: Known to the ancients.

Properties

Atomic Mass: 63.546 →Density: 8.96 g/cm³ →
Crust Abundance: 60 mg/kg
Crystal Structure: FCC

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 135 pm →
Atomic Radius (Rahm): 217 pm
Covalent Radius: 132 pm →
Van der Waals Radius: 196 pm
Metallic Radius: 118 pm
Atomic Volume: 7.1 cm³/mol
Lattice Constant: 3.61 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 1356.6 K →Boiling Point: 2840 K →Specific Heat: 0.385 J/(g·K) →Thermal Conductivity: 401 W/(m·K) →Heat of Fusion: 13.01 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 304.6 kJ/mol →
Heat of Formation: 337.4 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Ar] 3d10 4s
Block: d
Period: 4 →Group: 11 →Electronegativity: 1.9 →Electron Affinity: 1.235 eV →
Oxidation States: +1, +2

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 60 mg/kg
Sea Abundance: 0.00025 mg/L
Geochemical Class: first series transition metal
Goldschmidt Class: chalcophile

About

Copper is a reddish-orange metal with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. It has been used by humans for over 10,000 years.

Isotopes

Cu-63 63 69.15%
Cu-65 65 30.85%