Au

Gold

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-57-5

Discoverer: Known to the ancients.

Properties

Atomic Mass: 196.966569 →Density: 19.3 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 0.004 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: FCC

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 135 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 225.99999999999997 pm

Covalent Radius: 136 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 214 pm

Metallic Radius: 134 pm

Atomic Volume: 10.2 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 4.08 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 1337.58 K →Boiling Point: 3080 K →Specific Heat: 0.129 J/(g·K) →Thermal Conductivity: 318 W/(m·K) →Heat of Fusion: 12.68 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 340 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 368.2 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s

Block: d

Period: 6 →Group: 11 →Electronegativity: 2.4 →Electron Affinity: 2.30863 eV →

Oxidation States: +1, +3

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 0.004 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 0.000004 mg/L

Geochemical Class: noble metal

Goldschmidt Class: siderophile

About

Gold is a dense, soft, shiny metal that is highly valued for its beauty and resistance to corrosion. It is used in jewelry, electronics, and as a monetary standard.

Isotopes

Au-197 197 100.00%