Ba

Barium

Identification

CAS Number: 7440-39-3

Discovery Year: 1808

Discoverer: Sir Humphrey Davy

Discovery Location: England

Properties

Atomic Mass: 137.327 →Density: 3.62 g/cm³ →

Crust Abundance: 425 mg/kg

Crystal Structure: BCC

Atomic Dimensions

Atomic Radius: 215 pm →

Atomic Radius (Rahm): 293 pm

Covalent Radius: 215 pm →

Van der Waals Radius: 268 pm

Metallic Radius: 198 pm

Atomic Volume: 39 cm³/mol

Lattice Constant: 5.02 Å

Thermodynamics

Melting Point: 1002 K →Boiling Point: 1910 K →Specific Heat: 0.192 J/(g·K) →Heat of Fusion: 7.66 kJ/mol →Heat of Vaporization: 142 kJ/mol →

Heat of Formation: 179.1 kJ/mol

Electronic Structure

Electron Config: [Xe] 6s2

Block: s

Period: 6 →Group: 2 →Electronegativity: 0.89 →Electron Affinity: 0.14462 eV →

Oxidation States: +2

Abundance & Geochemistry

Crust Abundance: 425 mg/kg

Sea Abundance: 0.013000000000000001 mg/L

Geochemical Class: alkaline earth metal

Goldschmidt Class: litophile

About

Silvery-white reactive element, belonging to group 2 of the periodic table. Soluble barium compounds are extremely poisonous. Identified in 1774 by Karl Scheele and extracted in 1808 by Humphry Davy.

Isotopes

Ba-138 138 71.70%

Ba-137 137 11.23%

Ba-136 136 7.85%

Ba-135 135 6.59%

Ba-134 134 2.42%

Ba-130 130 0.1100%

Ba-132 132 0.1000%